ຊາວອາເມຣິກັນສ່ວນໃຫຍ່ ບໍ່ມີຫອຍນາງລົມຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະອາຫານໃນວັນບຸນຂອບຄຸນພະເຈົ້າ ຫລື Thanksgiving ຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າ, ແຕ່ໃນຊ່ວງໃດນຶ່ງ, ອາຫານທະເລປະເພດຫອຍ ແມ່ນສ່ວນປະກອບອັນສໍາຄັນ ໃນລາຍການ ຫລືເມນູອາຫານສຳລັບວັນບຸນທີ່ວ່ານີ້ ຂອງທຳນຽບຂາວ.
ທ່ານນາງລີນາ ແມນ (Lina Mann), ນັກປະຫວັດສາດໃນສະມາຄົມປະຫວັດສາດຂອງທໍານຽບຂາວກ່າວວ່າ "ຫອຍນາງລົມຍັດໃສ້ ແລະອົງປະກອບຕ່າງໆ ຂອງຫອຍນາງລົມແມ່ນມັກມີຢູ່ສະເຫມີ, ໂດຍສະເພາະໃນຕອນທ້າຍໆ ຂອງສັດ ຕະວັດທີ 19. ຫອຍນາງລົມໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມນິຍົມສູງ. ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າຄິດວ່າທີ່ຕັ້ງຂອງນະຄອນຫລວງວໍຊິງຕັນ ໃກ້ກັບອ່າວແຊສພິກ (Chesapeake), ເຊິ່ງເປັນສູນກາງຂະໜາດໃຫຍ່ຂອງຫອຍນາງລົມເຮັດໃຫ້ມັນເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ຂ້ອນຂ້າງວ່າເປັນອາຫານສຳລັບຂົງເຂດນີ້ ແຕ່ວ່າ ສິ່ງນັ້ນ ກໍໄດ້ຄ່ອຍໆຈາງຫາຍໄປເມື່ອຫຼາຍປີ ຜ່ານໄປ."
ນອກຈາກຫອຍນາງລົມແລ້ວ, ອາຫານໃນວັນຂອບຄຸນພະເຈົ້າຂອງທຳນຽບຂາວ ຍັງລວມມີອາຫານອື່ນໆ ຢູ່ໃນຂົງເຂດນີ້ ເຊັ່ນ: ປາຣັອກຟີສ ຈາກແມ່ນ້ໍາໂປໂທແມັກ (Potomac), ເຕົ່າຈາກເຂດຝັ່ງຕາເວັນອອກຂອງລັດ ແມຣີແລນ ແລະ ໝາກແຄຣນເບຣີ (cranberries) ຈາກລັດແມສຊາຈູແຊັສ. ((https://www.whitehousehistory.org/press-room/press-backgrounders/history-of-white-house-thanksgiving-traditions))
ເນື່ອງຈາກວ່າວັນບຸນນີ້ ມັກຈະເປັນບຸນທີ່ຈັດແບບສ່ວນຕົວຫຼາຍກວ່າ, ລາຍການອາຫານໃນວັນບຸນ Thanksgiving ຂອງທຳນຽບຂາວແມ່ນບໍ່ໄດ້ຖືກກໍານົດ ແບບຕາຍໂຕ. ຄອບຄົວຂອງປະທານາທິບໍດີມັກຈະໃຊ້ເວລາໃນມື້ນັ້ນອອກໄປຈາກທຳນຽບຂາວ, ອາດຈະອອກໄປຢູ່ເຮືອນສ່ວນຕົວຂອງພວກເພິ່ນຢູ່ລັດອື່ນ ຫຼືບໍ່ ກໍໄປຢູ່ທີ່ບ່ອນພັກຜ່ອນຂອງປະທານາທິບໍດີຢູ່ແຄມເດວິດ (Camp David) ໃນລັດແມຣີແລນ.
ໃນປີ 1985, ປະທານາທິບໍດີໂຣໂນລ ຣີແກນ (Ronald Reagan) ໄດ້ໃຊ້ເວລາໃນວັນບຸນ Thanksgiving ໄປຢູ່ຟາມລ້ຽງສັດຂອງທ່ານ ໃນລັດຄາລິຟໍເນຍ. ລາຍການອາຫານປະກອບມີໄກ່ງວງ, ໝາກແຄຣນເບີຣີ, ເຂົ້າໜົມເຮັດດ້ວຍແປ້ງສາລີ ຫລື cornbread ທີ່ມີນ້ຳຊັອສ ລາດໜ້າ, ຍຳສະຫຼັດ, ມັນຝຣັ່ງບົດ ຫລື mashed potatoes, ເຂົ້າຈີ່ກ້ອນມົນ ຫລື monkey bread, ໝາກຖົ່ວກູແວ ກັບໝາກອອລມອນ, ແລະເຂົ້າໜົມພາຍໝາກອຶລາດໜ້າດ້ວຍຄີມທີ່ເປັນໂຟມ.
ໃນປີ 1996, ປະທານາທິບໍດີບີລ ຄລິນຕັນ ມີຄວາມມ່ວນຊື່ນໄປກັບການສະຫລອງບຸນ Thanksgiving ຢູ່ກັບຄອບຄົວ ແລະຫມູ່ເພື່ອນຂອງເພິ່ນຢູ່ແຄມເດວິດ ບ່ອນທີ່ພວກເພິ່ນກິນໄກ່ງວງຍັດໃສ້ ດ້ວຍເຂົ້າຈີ່ທີ່ເອືອບເຄື່ອງປຸງຫລາຍຢ່າງ; ນ້ຳຊອັສລາດໜ້າເຮັດດ້ວຍເຄື່ອງໃນໄກ່; ມັນຝຣັ່ງບົດ ຫລື mashed potatoes; ມັນດ້າງ; ຖົ່ວຂຽວ; ວຸ້ນທີ່ເຮັດດ້ວຍໝາກແຄຣນເບີຣີ, ຖາດຂອງດອງທີ່ແຊບນົວ, ຜັກເຊເລຣີ (celery), ຫມາກເລັ່ນ, ຜັກບົ່ວຂຽວ, ໝາກໂອລີຟສີຂຽວແລະສີດໍາ, ແລະຫົວແຄຣັອດ; ຫມາກໄມ້ລວມມິດ; ກວນໝາກແຄຣນເບີຣີ; ແລະເຂົ້າໜົມພາຍເຮັດດ້ວຍໝາກກໍ່ພີແຄນ (pecan) ແລະເຂົ້າໜົມພາຍໝາກອຶ.
ອ່ານຂ່າວນີ້ເພີ້ມເປັນພາສາອັງກິດຢູ່ລຸ່ມນີ້:
Most Americans don't have oysters on their Thanksgiving table, but, for a time, the mollusks were a key ingredient on the White House holiday menu.
"Oyster stuffing and various oyster elements were always included, especially in the later 19th century. Oysters were very popular," says Lina Mann, a historian with the White House Historical Association. "I think that the location of Washington, D.C., near the Chesapeake Bay, which was a huge oyster hub, made it more of a regional sort of thing, but that has died out over the years."
In addition to oysters, White House Thanksgiving meals have included other regional foods such as rockfish from the Potomac River, turtles from Maryland's Eastern Shore and cranberries from Massachusetts. ((https://www.whitehousehistory.org/press-room/press-backgrounders/history-of-white-house-thanksgiving-traditions))
Because the holiday is often a more private affair, the White House Thanksgiving menu is not set. Presidential families often spend the day away from the White House, either out of town at their own private homes or at the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland.
In 1985, President Ronald Reagan spent Thanksgiving at his California ranch. The menu included turkey, cranberries, cornbread dressing, salad, mashed potatoes, monkey bread, string beans with almonds, and pumpkin pie topped with whipped cream.
In 1996, President Bill Clinton enjoyed Thanksgiving with family and friends at Camp David, where they ate turkey; dressing with bread stuffing; giblet gravy; mashed potatoes; sweet potatoes; green beans; cranberry mold; a relish tray of pickles, celery, tomatoes, green onions, green and black olives, and carrots; fruit salad; cranberry salad; and pecan and pumpkin pies.
In 2007, also at Camp David, President George W. Bush and family feasted on a meal that included turkey, jellied cranberry molds, whipped sweet potato soufflé and pumpkin mousse trifle.
No matter where the commander in chief spends the holiday, turkey is usually on the menu and has been since the 1870s.
"You have a man named Horace Vose, who is the quote, "poultry king of Rhode Island," and he starts sending, in 1873, all of these turkeys to the White House," Mann says. "He does that for Christmas and Thanksgiving, and he does it for 40 years until he dies in 1913. So, there is this kind of precedent of the public sending presidents various birds to their table."
But people haven't always sent poultry. In 1926, President Calvin Coolidge received an unusual offering from a supporter in Mississippi.
"They were sent a raccoon that was supposed to be served on his Thanksgiving table," Mann says. "But the Coolidge family decided they didn't want to eat the raccoon. So instead, they ended up making her a family pet. They named her Rebecca and then eventually Coolidge, for Christmas that year, got her a collar that said, 'White House Raccoon' on it."
What presidents eat for Thanksgiving can also depend on what is going on in the country. In 1917, during World War I, President Woodrow Wilson remained in Washington and focused on having a more economical Thanksgiving.
"So, they're eating cream of oyster soup with turkey trimmings and vegetables, pumpkin pie for the very simple menu," Mann says. "First Lady Edith Wilson wanted to abide by various food conservation programs that were spearheaded at the time."
There were also more austere Thanksgivings during the Great Depression and World War II. In 1942, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and his family dined on "clam cocktail, clear soup, roast turkey with chestnut stuffing and cranberry sauce, Spanish corn, small sausages and beans, sweet potato cones, grapefruit salad, pumpkin pie and cheese, coffee, and ice cream." ((https://www.whitehousehistory.org/press-room/press-timelines/thanksgiving-at-the-white-house))
This year, President Joe Biden and first lady Jill Biden are spending Thanksgiving on the Massachusetts island of Nantucket, a family tradition since 1975. The first lady recently shared Thanksgiving recipes, including her grandmother's savory stuffing featuring stale Italian bread, with the Food Network. ((https://www.foodnetwork.com/shows/white-house-thanksgiving/episodes/white-house-thanksgiving))
"Food is love — and gathering together this year for Thanksgiving is healing for our hearts," Jill Biden said. "The family recipes passed down through the generations, the fun traditions that continue, and the meaningful blessings shared, all keep me filled with gratitude." ((https://www.foodnetwork.com/fn-dish/shows/11/a-white-house-thanksgiving))
