ການຖອນໂຕ ຂອງອັງກິດ ອອກຈາກອີຢູ ພາໃຫ້ຕະຫຼາດເງິນ ປັ່ນປ່ວນ ໃນທົ່ວໂລກ

ລາຄາຮຸ້ນ​ຢູ່​ໃນຕະຫລາດ​ທົ່ວ​ໂລກ ​ໄດ້ຕົກ​ຮວບ​ລົງ​ຢ່າງ​ຫລວງຫຼາຍ ລາຄາ​ນ້ຳມັນ​ກໍ​ຫລຸດ​ລົງ ​ແລະ​ຄ່າ​ຂອງ​ເງິນ​ປອນ​ອັງກິດ ກໍ​ໄດ້​ຕົກ​ສູ່​ລະດັບ​ຕ່ຳ​ສຸດ ​ໃນ​ຮອບສາມ​ທົດ​ສະ​ວັດ ຫຼັງ​ຈາກ​ໄດ້​ມີ​ການ​ປ່ອນ​ບັດ​ລົງ​ຄະ​ແນນ​ສຽງ​ແບບ​ທີ່​ບໍ່​ເຄີຍ​ມີມາ​ກ່ອນໃຫ້​ອັງກິດ​ຖອນ​ໂຕ​ອອກ​ຈາກ​ສະຫະພາບ​ຢູ​ໂຣບ. ພວກ​ນັກ​ລົງທຶນ​ທີ່ເປັນຫ່ວງ​ໄດ້​ນຳ​ເອົາ​ເງິນ​ຂອງ​ພວກ​ເຂົາ​ເຈົ້າ​ໄປ​ໄວ້​ຢູ່​ໃນ​ບ່ອນ​ທີ່​ປອດ​ໄພ ​ໂດຍ​ພາກັນຊື້ຄຳ​ແລະ​ພັນທະບັດ​ຂອງ​ລັດຖະບານ​ຈຳນວນ​ນຶ່ງ.

ດັດຊະນີ​ຮຸ້ນ​ທີ່​ສຳຄັນໆ​ຂອງ​ສະຫະລັດ ​ໄດ້​ຕົກລາຄາ 3.3 ​ເປີ​ເຊັນ​ຫລື​ຫຼາຍກວ່ານັ້ນໃນ​ການ​ຊື້ຂາຍ​ໃນ​ວັນ​ສຸກ​ວານ​ນີ້. ຕະຫລາດ​ຮຸ້ນ​ຢູ່​ຢູ​ໂຣບກໍ​ຕົກ​ລາຄາ​ເຊັ່ນ​ດຽວກັນ ​ໂດຍ​ທີ່​ດັດຊະນີ​ຮຸ້ນ​ສຳຄັນໆ​ໃນ​ນະຄອນລອນ​ດອນ​ໄດ້​ຕົກ​ລາຄາ ​3 ​ເປີ​ເຊັນຂະນະ​ທີ່​ຮຸ້ນ​ຢູ່​ຝຣັ່ງ ຕົກ​ລາຄາ 8 ​ເປີ​ເຊັນ. ອົງການ​ຂ່າວ​ດ້ານ​ການ​ເງິນ​ Bloomberg ກະ​ປະມານ​ວ່າ ຮຸ້ນຢູ່ ​ເຂດ​ເອ​ເຊຍ ​ໄດ້​ຮັບ​ຄວາມ​ເສຍ​ຫາຍ 700 ຕື້​ໂດ​ລາໃນ​ການ​ຊື້ຂາຍ​ໃນ​ວັນ​ສຸກ​ວານ​ນີ້. ຮຸ້ນ​ຢູ່​ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ​ໄດ້​ຕົກ​ລາຄາ​ຢ່າງ​ໃຫຍ່ ຈົນ​ເຈົ້າໜ້າທີ່​ສັ່ງ​ໃຫ້​ຢຸດ​ການ​ຊື້ຂາຍ​ເປັນ​ເວລາ​ສັ້ນໆ ​ເພື່ອ​ເຮັດ​ໃຫ້​ສະຖານະ​ການ​ດີ​ຂຶ້ນ.

ບັນດາອົງການ​ຈັດ​ລະດັບ​ສິນ​ເຊື່ອທີ່​ສຳຄັນກ່າວ​ວ່າ ການ​ຖອນໂຕ​ອອກ​ຈາກ​ສະຫະພາບ​ ຢູ​ໂຣບຈະ​ສ້າງ​ຄວາມ​ເສ​ຍຫາຍ​ໃຫ້​ແກ່​ເສດຖະກິດ​ຂອງ​ອັງກິດ. ອົ​ງການ Moody ກ່າວ​ວ່າ ການ​ປ່ອນ​ບັດ​ໄດ້​ໃຫ້​ສັນຍານ​ກ່ຽວ​ກັບ​ສະພາບ​ທີ່​ບໍ່​ແນ່ນອນ​ເປັນ​ເວລາ​ດົນ​ນານ ​ທີ່​ຈະ​ມີ​ອິດ​ທິພົນ​ຕໍ່ການສະ​ແດງ​ອອກ​ຊຶ່ງ​ສະມັດຖະພາບ​ທາງ​ດ້ານ​ເສດຖະກິດແລະ​ການ​ເງິນຂອງ​ອັງ ກິດ. ​ອົງການ S&P ກ່າວ​ວ່າອັດຕາ​ສິນ​ເຊື່ອ​ຂອງ​ອັງກິດອາດ​ຈະ​ຫຼຸດ​ຕ່ຳລົງ. ສ່ວນອົງການ Fitch ​ເອີ້ນການ​ປ່ອນ​ບັດ​ນີ້ວ່າ ມີ​ຜົນ​ໃນ​ທາງ​ລົບ​ຕໍ່​ສິນ​ເຊື່ອ.

ສາ​ສະ​ດາ​ຈານ​ສອນ​ວິຊາ​ກົດໝາຍ​ ຢູ່ມະຫາວິທະຍາ​ໄລ Harvard ທ່ານ Hal Scott ຊຶ່ງ​ໄດ້​ສຶກສາ​ກ່ຽວ​ກັບ​ລະບົບນາໆ​ຊາດກ່າວ​ວ່າ ພື້ນຖານ​ຂອງ​ເສດຖະກິດໄດ້​ປ່ຽນ​ແປງ​ໄປ​ສຳ ລັບ​ອັງກິດ ​ແຕ່​ກໍ​ບໍ່​ພຽງພໍ​ ທີ່​ຈະ​ພາ​ໃຫ້​ເກີດ​ ສະພາບ​ເສດຖະກິດຕົກ​ຕ່ຳ ນອກ​ຈາກ​ວ່າ ​ຈະ​ເກີດ​ການ​ຕື່ນ​ຕົກ​ໃຈທີ່​ບໍ່​ມີ​ເຫດຜົນຂຶ້ນ. ທ່ານ​ທຳນາຍ​ວ່າ ສະພາບ​ຄວາມ​ວຸ້ນວາຍ​ທາງ​ດ້ານ​ເສ​ດຖະກິດ​ໃນ​ປັດຈຸບັນ​ນີ້ ຈະ​ດຳ​ເນີນ​ຕໍ່​ໄປ​ຊົ່ວໄລຍະ​ນຶ່ງ​ເທົ່າ​ນັ້ນ.

ຫົວໜ້າ​ຂອງ​ອົງການ​ກອງ​ທຶນ​ສາກົນທ່ານ​ນາງ Christine Lagarde ຮຽກຮ້ອງ​ໃຫ້ອັງກິດ​ແລະ​ຢູ​ໂຣບ​ເປີດ​ການ​ເຈລະຈາ ກ່ຽວ​ກັບ​ຄວາມ​ສຳພັນ​ທາງ​ດ້ານ​ເສດຖະກິດ​ໃໝ່ ​ເພື່ອ​ໃຫ້​ເກີດ​ຄວາມ​ລາບ​ລື່ນຫຼາຍ​ເທົ່າ​ທີ່​ເປັນ​ໄປ​ໄດ້.

Global stock markets dropped sharply, oil prices fell and the value of the British currency plunged to a three-decade low Friday after the unprecedented vote for Britain to leave the European Union. Worried investors sought safe havens for their money, buying up gold and certain government bonds.

Key U.S. stock indexes were down 3.3 percent or more in Friday's trading. European markets also fell, with London's key index off 3 percent and France's plunging 8 percent.

The Bloomberg financial news service estimated that Asian stocks lost $700 billion during Friday's trading. Japan's stock market fell so sharply that officials stopped trading for a brief time to calm things down.

The major credit rating agencies said Brexit would hurt Britain's economy. Moody's said the vote signaled a long period of "uncertainty" that would "weigh on Britain's economic and financial performance." S&P said Britain's credit rating might be downgraded. Fitch called the vote "credit negative."

Harvard law professor Hal Scott, who researches international systems, said the economic fundamentals had changed for Britain, but not enough to spark a recession unless there is an "irrational" panic. He predicted that the current market turmoil would go on for "a while."

The head of the International Monetary Fund, Christine Lagarde, urged Britain and Europe to negotiate a new economic relationship in as "smooth a manner as possible." She said the IMF welcomed measures announced by the British and European central banks to ensure banks can continue to make loans.

Uncertainty worries lenders and investors, who tend to stop making loans during times of crisis, which can further slow the economy and worsen the problem. The Bank of England has set aside $342 billion to help provide "liquidity" to keep markets running.

U.S. Treasury Secretary Jack Lew said policymakers have the tools necessary to "support financial stability," which is important to economic growth. World Bank President Jim Yong Kim said his agency was ready to support member countries.

Japanese Finance Minister Taro Aso told reporters Japan was closely watching the "extremely nervous" foreign currency markets, while South Korea’s government pledged to "take all necessary measures" to soothe the foreign exchange market.

So far, the biggest victim from the vote appeared to be the pound, which dropped in value from $1.50 to around $1.34 at one point.

The lower value of the British currency will make imported goods more expensive there, which could boost inflation. But the cheaper currency also means British-made goods will be less expensive abroad, and thus easier to sell on global markets and boost British exports.