ບັນດາຜູ້ຂອງນຳໂລກ ຈະເຕົ້າໂຮມກັນຢູ່ນະຄອນ New York ໃນອາ ທິດນີ້ ເພື່ອເຂົ້າ ຮ່ວມປະຊຸມປະຈຳປີ ຂອງອົງການສະຫະປະຊາຊາດ. ນັກຂ່າວວີໂອເອ Margaret Besheer ມີລາຍງານວ່າ ສົງຄາມໃນຊີເຣຍແລະວິກິດການອົບພະຍົບ ຄາດວ່າ ຈະຄອບງໍາກອງປະຊຸມດັ່ງກ່າວ ຊຶ່ງ ກິ່ງສະຫວັນ ມີລາຍລະອຽດ ມາສະເໜີທ່ານ.
ບັນດາຜູ້ນຳໂລກ ຕ້ອງການຢາກຈຳກັດ ຜົນກະທົບທີ່ເກີດຈາກສົງຄາມໃນຊີເຣຍ. ໂດຍສະເພາະຢ່າງຍິ່ງ ການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຄັ້ງໃຫຍ່ຂອງມະນຸດ ທີ່ໄດ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ປະເທດເພື່ອນບ້ານ ແລະຢູໂຣບ ໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມຫຍຸ້ງຍາກ. ພວກທ່ານຈະສົນ ທະນາກັນ ກ່ຽວກັບບັນຫາຢູ່ສອງ ກອງປະຊຸມສຸດຍອດ ທີ່ເພັງເລັງໃສ່ອົບພະຍົບ. ເລຂາທິການໃຫຍ່ ສະຫະປະຊາຊາດ ທ່ານ Ban Ki-moon ຈະເປັນເຈົ້າພາບກອງປະຊຸມທີນຶ່ງ ໃນວັນຈັນມື້ນີ້.
ທ່ານ Ban ກ່າວວ່າ “ຫລາຍປະເທດ ຕ້ອງຮັບເອົາຜູ້ຄົນເຂົ້າໄປຕັ້ງຖິ່ນຖານໃຫ້ ຫລາຍຂຶ້ນ ຊຶ່ງພວກເຂົາເຈົ້າໄດ້ຖືກບັງຄັບໃຫ້ຫລົບໜີອອກຈາກບ້ານເຮືອນເຂົາເຈົ້າ. ຫລາຍປະເທດຕ້ອງຮັບຮູ້ຜົນປະໂຫຍດຂອງການຍົກຍ້າຍຖິ່ນຖານ. ແລະທຸກໆຄົນ ທຸກໆແຫ່ງຫົນ ຕ້ອງລຸກຂຶ້ນ ຕ້ານຄວາມກຽດຊັງ ທີ່ພວກອົບພະຍົບ ຈຳນວນຫລວງຫລາຍ ພວກຍົກຍ້າຍຖິ່ນຖານແລະບັນດາປະຊາຄົມກຸ່ມນ້ອຍກຳ ລັງປະເຊີນໜ້າຢູ່.”
ປະທານາທິບໍດີ Barack Obama ຈະເປັນເຈົ້າພາບຈັດກອງປະຊຸມສຸດຍອດທີສອງ ໃນວັນອັງຄານມື້ອື່ນນີ້.
ຮອງລັດຖະມົນຕີຕ່າງປະເທດສະຫະລັດ ທ່ານນາງ Sheba Croker ກ່າວວ່າ “ພວກເຮົາຄາດວ່າກອງປະຊຸມສຸດຍອດນີ້ຈະເປັນຜົນທີ່ສຳຄັນ ໃນການໃຫ້ຄວາມ ໝາຍໝັ້ນແບບຍືນຍົງອັນໃໝ່ ຕໍ່ສະຫະປະຊາຊາດ ໃນການຂໍຮ້ອງດ້ານມະນຸດສະທຳ ຂະຫຍາຍໂຄງ ການຕັ້ງຖິ່ນຖານອົບພະຍົບ ຫລືທາງເລືອກດ້ານກົດໝາຍ ໃໝ່ໄປສູ່່ການຮັບເຂົ້າມາ.”
ແຕ່ຍັງມີຄວາມສົງໄສຢູ່ວ່າ ກອງປະຊຸມສຸດຍອດທັງສອງນີ້ຈະດຳເນີນການໄດ້ຫຼາຍປານໃດ ເພື່ອປັບປຸງສະຖານະການຂອງອົບພະຍົບຊີເຣຍເກືອບ 5 ລ້ານຄົນຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ຫລົບໜີຈາກບ້ານເຮືອນຂອງພວກເຂົາເຈົ້າ.
ທ່ານ Richard Gowan ຈາກມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລ Columbia ກ່າວວ່າ “ທາງດຽວທີ່ຈະແກ້ໄຂວິກິດການຊີເຣຍ ກໍຄືຜ່ານຂໍ້ຕົກລົງທາງການເມືອງ. ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າແນນອນວ່າ ຈະມີການສົນທະນາກ່ຽວກັບເລື້ອງດັ່ງກ່າວທີ່ກອງປະຊຸມສະມັດຊາໃຫຍ່ ແຕ່ວ່າທ່ານ Vladimir Putin ຈະບໍ່ມານະຄອນ New York ແລະຖ້າຫາກວ່າ ທ່ານ Puitn ບໍ່ມາທີ່ນີ້ ທ່ານຈະບໍ່ສາມາດສົນທະນາຢ່າງຈິງຈັງໄດ້ກ່ຽວກັບເລື້ອງຊີເຣຍ.”
ສະຫະລັດ ແລະຣັດເຊຍໄດ້ເຫັນພ້ອມ ໃນຂໍ້ຕົກລົງ ເມື່ອຕົ້ນເດືອນນີ້ ກ່ຽວກັບການຢຸດຍິງ ແລະນຳເອົາການຊ່ວຍເຫລືອເຂົ້າໄປໃນຊີເຣຍ. ທັງສອງປະເທດຍັງມີແຜນຮ່ວມມື ທີ່ຈະ ແນເປົ້າໝາຍໃສ່ພວກກໍ່ການຮ້າຍຮວມທັງອັນທີ່ຮ້ອງວ່າກຸ່ມລັດອິສລາມ. ບໍ່ວ່າຂໍ້ຕົກລົງຈະໄດ້ຮັບຜົນສຳເລັດ ຫລືປະສົບກັບຄວາມລົ້ມແຫລວກໍຕາມ ແມ່ນມີທ່າທາງວ່າອາດຈະເປັນສິ່ງກຳນົດການສົນທະນາຫາລືກັນ ທີ່ນະຄອນ New York.
ສະພາຄວາມໝັ້ນຄົງສະຫະປະຊາຊາດ ຈະຈັດກອງປະຊຸມລະດັບສູງໃນວັນພຸດຈະມາເຖິງນີ້ ໂດຍມີຄວາມຕັ້ງໃຈ ທີ່ຈະເຈາະຈົງໃສ່ຊີເຣຍ ແຕ່ວ່່າຄວາມຄາດ ໝາຍຈາກຜົນຂອງການປະຊຸມນີ້ ແມ່ນຕໍ່າຫຼາຍ.
ທ່ານ Richard Gowan ກ່າວວ່າ “ຄວາມຈິງກໍຄືວ່າ ການຕັດສິນໃຈກ່ຽວກັບຊີເຣຍ ແມ່ນເຮັດຢູ່ນະຄອນຫລວງວໍຊິງຕັນ ມົສກູ ແລະອີຣ່ານ ບໍ່ໄດ້ຢູ່ຫ້ອງປະຊຸມ ຂອງສະພາຄວາມໝັ້ນຄົງ.ສ່ວນທີ່ເຫລືອຂອງອາທິດນີ້ ແມ່ນຈະຄອບງໍາໂດຍຄຳຖະແຫລງຂອງ ບັນດາຜູ້ນຳຕ່າງໆຢູ່ທີ່ກອງປະຊູມສະມັດຊາໃຫຍ່."
ແຕ່ບັນດາຜູ້ທີ່ມີຊື່ສຽງສຳຄັນໆຈຳນວນນຶ່ງ ເຊັ່ນທ່ານ Vladimir Putin ທ່ານ Xi Jingping ແລະທ່ານນາງ Angela Merkel ຈະຂາດຫາຍໄປ. ນີ້ຈະເປັນ ໂອກາດອັນສຸດທ້າຍ ສຳລັບທ່ານ Barack Obama ໃນນາມປະທານາທິບໍດີ ສະຫະລັດຢູ່ທີ່ການເຕົ້າໂຮມສາກົນແລະຄຳປາໄສຂອງທ່ານຈະກ່າວເຖິງມູນເຊື້ອ ກ່ຽວກັບການຮ່ວມມືຫຼາຍໆຝ່າຍຂອງທ່ານ.
ນອກນັ້ນ ມັນຍັງຈະເປັນກອງປະຊຸມສະມັດຊາໃຫຍ່ເທື່ອສຸດທ້າຍ ສຳລັບເລຂາທິການໃຫຍ່ສະຫະປະຊາຊາດທ່ານ Ban Ki-moon. ການເຂົ້າຮັບຕຳແໜ່ງດົນ ເປັນເວລານຶ່ງທົດສະວັດຂອງທ່ານ ຈະສິ້ນສຸດລົງໃນວັນທີ 31 ທັນວາຈະມາເຖິງນີ້.
World leaders will gather Monday in New York to tackle two of the biggest global challenges: the war in Syria and the refugee crisis it has created.
They will meet at the annual U.N. General Assembly. This will be Barack Obama's final such gathering as U.S. president, and it also will be the last for U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, whose decade-long tenure at the helm of the organization will end on December 31.
Across the planet, there is a staggering number of refugees and displaced persons: 65 million men, women and children. They are on the move because of conflict, natural disasters or extreme poverty.
On Monday, the U.N. chief will convene a special summit about their plight, with the aim of addressing the root causes and agreeing separate global compacts in the next two years on refugees and migrants.
"I sincerely hope that, through this summit meeting on Monday, we will have a framework on how we can share these responsibilities," Ban told reporters recently. "No one country can address this issue. Therefore, there should be global responsibility and global compassion on addressing this issue."
But before the summit has even taken place, some NGOs are already saying it will be ineffective.
Opportunity missed
"The U.N. had initially proposed an ambitious plan, but the European Union, Russia and China were among those who sacrificed refugees' rights for national self-interest and missed a massive opportunity to back a global solution to the crisis," said Salil Shetty, secretary general of Amnesty International.
The U.N.'s initial plan was to ask governments to resettle 10 percent of the world's refugees each year. But in the summit's outcome document, there is no requirement that countries take specific numbers of people.
On Tuesday, President Obama will co-chair a Leaders' Summit on refugees, along with leaders from Canada, Ethiopia, Germany, Jordan, Mexico and Sweden.
Some 20 million of the world's displaced population are refugees. This conference will focus on increasing refugee financing, doubling the global number of resettled refugees through legal channels, and expanding work and education opportunities for them. A pledge is required for governments to participate in the meeting.
"We are not going to solve the refugee crisis on Tuesday," U.S. United Nations Ambassador Samantha Power cautioned. "But I think you will see an important show of political will from leaders around the world."
Summit co-host Germany is on the frontlines of the refugee and migration crisis in Europe. Last year the nation took in over one million refugees, and in the first six months of this year, 460,000 refugees have arrived from Syria, the source of most of the world's refugees.
Germany's U.N. Ambassador Harald Braun said Berlin wants to see the summit address all issues related to the crisis, "meaning the situation in the countries of origin, transition and integration, as well as the return of refugees."
Preventing a lost generation
The Leaders' Summit hopes to make progress in providing education for displaced children, raising by one million the number of refugee children in schools worldwide.
Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown, who is the U.N.'s Global Education Envoy, says there are 30 million displaced children worldwide, 10 million of whom are refugees.
"The majority of them are not going to school at all," he told reporters. Two million of them are Syrian refugees in neighboring countries. While another two million are in Syria, where "none of them are getting the education they need," Brown said.
The costs of educating refugee children are often minimal. In Lebanon, Brown said, it is only $10 a week per child -- and he urged leaders to pledge the necessary funding at the summit.
Bloodshed in Syria
Leaders realize that the human exodus from Syria will not end until peace and stability are restored.
A nearly week-old deal between Russia and the United States to reduce the violence and get aid in is still a work in progress, but its success or failure is likely to be a large part of discussions in New York.
The U.N. Security Council will hold a high-level session on Syria Wednesday, which could issue a statement or adopt a resolution endorsing the deal - if it is still holding. Members of the International Syria Support Group (ISSG) will also be in New York, and could decide to meet.
